Cenote El Zapote (Hells Bells)
Level 4 - Expert: CREER cenote level (guided cavern diving) [1] [2] (CREER describes Level 4 as beyond Level 3, dark and for experienced divers only; maximum 3 divers per guide.). 이 카테고리는 해당 인증 체계 자체의 분류로, 각 사이트에서 요구하는 교육 수준을 나타냅니다.
A deep, stratified sinkhole about 52 m deep, known for bell-shaped calcite formations ('Hells Bells') hanging in and above a turbid layer; CREER rates it Level 4 (Expert).
Cenote El Zapote is a deep sinkhole whose walls carry large bell-shaped calcite formations, nicknamed Hells Bells, that partly extend into a white, cloudy layer in the water. A 2022 study in Geobiology links that turbid layer to a pelagic redoxcline, a boundary where oxygen-poor, sulphide-rich water meets the water above, and argues that microbes there promote calcite precipitation that may help the bells grow.
QRSS lists 'Cenote Zapote (Cenote Hells Bells)' among the deep underwater caves of Quintana Roo at 51.8 m, with 301 m of surveyed length. CREER rates it Level 4 (Expert), its most demanding regular category for guided cavern tours, limited to experienced divers at no more than three per guide. Under the Jungle describes the sinkhole sites on the Ruta de los Cenotes outside Puerto Morelos as advanced.
The Hells Bells are fragile and scientifically important; divers are expected to keep clear of them.
환경
Deep, dark sinkhole with stratified water, a turbid redoxcline layer and hanging calcite bells.
컨디션
Stratified water with a cloudy turbid layer at depth; light is limited. Typical conditions only.
현재 상태가 아닌 공개된 자료의 일반적인 범위입니다.
이 페이지의 모든 정보와 출처 (6)
| 정보 항목 | 상태 | 출처 |
|---|---|---|
| QRSS lists Cenote Zapote (Cenote Hells Bells) at a depth of 51.8 m and a surveyed length of 301 m (Bertoni/Harris, 11/2013).Survey figure from 2013. | 최신 정보가 아닐 수 있습니다 | [3] |
| Large bell-shaped calcite formations called Hells Bells were found underwater in the stratified cenote El Zapote, together with a white turbid layer that overlaps the pelagic redoxcline; the study proposes microbially induced calcite precipitation as a contributor to their growth.Abstract read via the PubMed record (doi:10.1111/gbi.12492). | 확인됨 | [4] |
| CREER rates Zapote as Level 4 (Expert), with cavern diving listed as open.Identification of CREER's 'Zapote' with the Hells Bells cenote is based on the shared name; QRSS also lists a separate Sistema Zapote-Camilo. | 확인됨 | [1] [2] |
| CREER Level 4 requires the Level 3 requirements plus a previous Level 3 cenote dive and advanced open-water certification, with at most 3 divers per guide. | 확인됨 | [2] |
| Under the Jungle describes the sinkholes of the Ruta de los Cenotes just outside Puerto Morelos as advanced sites that are sinkholes rather than caverns.The sources used do not state El Zapote's exact location, so no area is given. | 보고됨 | [6] |
| Under the Jungle adds a 50 USD surcharge for Zapote and groups it with sites requiring previous cavern experience and advanced open-water certification.January 2026 price list. | 보고됨 | [5] |
확인됨: 직접 열람한 공식 또는 1차 출처에서 명시된 정보입니다. 보고됨: 2차 출처에서만 확인된 정보입니다. 출처 간 상충: 비고에 두 가지 내용이 모두 기재되어 있습니다. 최신 정보가 아닐 수 있음: 확인된 가장 최근 출처가 오래된 경우입니다.
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