Sharks
Whale Shark
Rhincodon typus · Cartilaginous fish, family Rhincodontidae
Nothing else in diving prepares you for the first sight of a whale shark: a checkerboard of pale spots on slate-blue flanks resolving out of the haze, a meter-wide mouth pushed along at strolling pace. The largest fish on Earth is a plankton eater that behaves, around people, with almost complete indifference. Encounters are mostly surface snorkels above feeding animals, so the classic view is down the length of a huge, gently sculling body silhouetted against sunlight. Every individual carries a unique spot pattern, which is why photo-ID libraries built from tourist pictures underpin much of what science knows about their movements.
在哪里、什么时候能见到
"常驻"表示在该目的地潜水时大多数情况下都能遇见它们；"季节性"表示在所列月份内可靠出现；其他任何情况都是意外惊喜，而非计划中的保障。
| 目的地 | 可靠性 | 月份 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ari AtollMaldives | Resident: seen on most dives | Year-round | |
| Galápagos IslandsEcuador | Seasonal: reliable in season | Jun–Nov | |
| Isla Mujeres & CancúnMexico | Seasonal: reliable in season | Jun–Sep | |
| Ningaloo ReefAustralia | Seasonal: reliable in season | Mar–Jul | |
| Mafia IslandTanzania | Seasonal: reliable in season | Oct–Feb | |
| Tofo BeachMozambique | Seasonal: reliable in season | Oct–Mar | |
| Similan Islands & Richelieu RockThailand | Occasional | Feb–Apr |
最佳月份一览
| 月份 | 可靠目的地 |
|---|---|
| January | Ari Atoll · Mafia Island · Tofo Beach |
| February | Ari Atoll · Mafia Island · Tofo Beach · Similan Islands & Richelieu Rock |
| March | Ari Atoll · Ningaloo Reef · Tofo Beach · Similan Islands & Richelieu Rock |
| April | Ari Atoll · Ningaloo Reef · Similan Islands & Richelieu Rock |
| May | Ari Atoll · Ningaloo Reef |
| June | Ari Atoll · Galápagos Islands · Isla Mujeres & Cancún · Ningaloo Reef |
| July | Ari Atoll · Galápagos Islands · Isla Mujeres & Cancún · Ningaloo Reef |
| August | Ari Atoll · Galápagos Islands · Isla Mujeres & Cancún |
| September | Ari Atoll · Galápagos Islands · Isla Mujeres & Cancún |
| October | Ari Atoll · Galápagos Islands · Mafia Island · Tofo Beach |
| November | Ari Atoll · Galápagos Islands · Mafia Island · Tofo Beach |
| December | Ari Atoll · Mafia Island · Tofo Beach |
深入了解
栖息地: Open ocean and productive coastal waters; feeds at the surface over plankton blooms and spawning events, though tagged animals dive far below 1,000 m
分布范围: Circumtropical in warm seas, roughly between 30°N and 35°S, with predictable coastal feeding aggregations off Australia, Mexico, the Maldives, Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Philippines
习性: A slow, steady swimmer that tolerates snorkelers well when not crowded. Feeding animals track plankton at the surface, sometimes bobbing vertically to gulp concentrated prey. Most aggregation sites are dominated by juvenile males; where the giant pregnant females go remains only partly understood.
食性: Filter feeder: plankton, krill, fish eggs, and small baitfish strained through gill rakers while ram-feeding or vertical suction-feeding
体型: 通常约 9.0 m; 记录深度可达 18.0 m (total length; most encountered animals are 4–10 m juveniles and subadults, with reliable records approaching 18 m).
与它相处时的行为守则
Snorkel-only at most managed sites. Keep roughly 3 m from the body and 4 m from the tail, never touch or ride, no flash close to the eye, stay out of its path, and let the operator control entries. Touching bans and distance rules are written into regulations at Ningaloo, Isla Mujeres, and Hanifaru.
保育
Listed Endangered in 2016 after steep Indo-Pacific declines driven by fisheries and ship strikes. Well-run tourism now gives living whale sharks measurable economic value, but crowding and propeller injuries at hotspots are real concerns.
以此著称的已标注潜点
高亮显示的潜点由编辑团队为该物种标注；数字为1990年以来潜点约5公里范围内的GBIF出现记录数。
观看
来自官方渠道
Wildlife of Monterey | New film in our auditorium
Live Aviary Cam | Monterey Bay Aquarium
Live Aviary Cam | Monterey Bay Aquarium
视频均为创作者自有频道的嵌入链接。我们不托管任何内容，所有来源均注明出处。